Leber Congenital Amaurosis, Autosomal Recessive

Leber Congenital Amaurosis LCA is a group of congenital inherited diseases of the retina that lead to severe early infantile blindness before the age of 1 year. Clinical findings include severe and early vision loss, sensory nystagmus, amaurotic pupils, and the electroretinogram (ERG) shows severely reduced scotopic and photopic responses. A normal ERG excludes a diagnosis of LCA. Visual function and acuity in LCA patients varies widely. LCA patients often have high refractive errors as well as photoaversion (photophobia) and night blindness. Other ocular findings may include cataract and keratoconus, which is a degenerative non-inflammatory disorder of the cornea. Patients with LCA may also experience olfactory dysfunction. The ocular disorders whose phenotype overlaps with LCA include complete and incomplete achromatopsia, complete and incomplete congenital stationary night blindness, albinism, and optic nerve hypoplasia.

Tests Available

Forms and Documents

Test Requisition Test Info Sheet

Test Details

  • Confirmation of a clinical diagnosis
  • To differentiate LCA from other forms of retinal dystrophy
  • Recurrence risk assessment
  • Prenatal diagnosis

Ordering

376
4 weeks
2-5 mL Blood - Lavender Top Tube
Buccal Swabs

*Reporting times are typical, but could be extended in situations outside GeneDx's reasonable control.

Billing

81479x1
No
Yes
  • 743.53 Chorioretinal degeneration, congenital
  • 743.55 Congenital macular changes
  • 362.76 Dystrophies primarily involving the retinal pigment epithelium, Fundus flavimaculatus, Vitelliform dystrophy
  • 362.75 Other dystrophies
  • 743.56 Other retinal changes, congenital
  • 362.74 Pigmentary retinal dystrophy, Retinal dystrophy, albipunctate, Retinitis pigmentosa
For price inquiries please email zebras@genedx.com

**The CPT codes provided are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Please direct any questions regarding coding to the payer being billed.

References

  1. den Hollander AI (2008) Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 27:391-419
  2. Hanein S (2004) Hum Mutat 23:306-317
  3. Booij J (2007) J Med Genet 42:67-75
  4. Stone E (2007) Am J Ophthalmol 144(6):791-811
  5. Koenekoop R (2007) Clin and Experimental Ophthalmology 35:473-485
  6. Browne SJ (2006) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47(1):34-42
  7. den Hollander AI (2006) Am J Hum Genet 79(3):556-61
  8. Ito S (2004) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45(5):1480-5
  9. Sohocki (2000) Mol. Genet. Metab. 70, 142–150
  10. Bernal S (2003) J Med Genet 40:e89
  11. den Hollander (1999) Nat Genet 23:217–221
  12. den Hollander (2004) Hum Mutat 24:355-69
  13. den Hollander (2001) Am J Hum Genet 69:198–203
  14. Morimura H (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci 95:3088–3093
  15. Koenekoop (2005) Ophthalmic Genetics 26:175-179

Forms and Documents

Test Requisition Test Info Sheet

Test Details

  • Confirmation of a clinical diagnosis
  • To differentiate LCA from other forms of retinal dystrophy
  • Recurrence risk assessment
  • Prenatal diagnosis

Ordering

TA83
4 weeks
2-5 mL Blood - Lavender Top Tube
Buccal Swabs

*Reporting times are typical, but could be extended in situations outside GeneDx's reasonable control.

Billing

81406x1
No
Yes
  • 743.53 Chorioretinal degeneration, congenital
  • 743.55 Congenital macular changes
  • 362.76 Dystrophies primarily involving the retinal pigment epithelium, Fundus flavimaculatus, Vitelliform dystrophy
  • 362.75 Other dystrophies
  • 743.56 Other retinal changes, congenital
  • 362.74 Pigmentary retinal dystrophy, Retinal dystrophy, albipunctate, Retinitis pigmentosa
For price inquiries please email zebras@genedx.com

**The CPT codes provided are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Please direct any questions regarding coding to the payer being billed.

References

  1. den Hollander AI (2008) Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 27:391-419
  2. Hanein S (2004) Hum Mutat 23:306-317
  3. Booij J (2007) J Med Genet 42:67-75
  4. Stone E (2007) Am J Ophthalmol 144(6):791-811
  5. Koenekoop R (2007) Clin and Experimental Ophthalmology 35:473-485
  6. Browne SJ (2006) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47(1):34-42
  7. den Hollander AI (2006) Am J Hum Genet 79(3):556-61
  8. Ito S (2004) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45(5):1480-5
  9. den Hollander (2004) Hum Mutat 24:355-69
  10. Koenekoop (2005) Ophthalmic Genetics 26:175-179
  11. Morimura H (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci 95:3088–3093
  12. den Hollander (2001) Am J Hum Genet 69:198–203
  13. den Hollander (1999) Nat Genet 23:217–221
  14. Sohocki (2000) Mol. Genet. Metab. 70, 142–150
  15. Bernal S (2003) J Med Genet 40:e89

Forms and Documents

Test Requisition Test Info Sheet

Test Details

  • Confirmation of a clinical diagnosis
  • To differentiate LCA from other forms of retinal dystrophy
  • Recurrence risk assessment
  • Prenatal diagnosis

Ordering

TA82
4 weeks
2-5 mL Blood - Lavender Top Tube
Buccal Swabs

*Reporting times are typical, but could be extended in situations outside GeneDx's reasonable control.

Billing

81479x1
No
Yes
  • 743.53 Chorioretinal degeneration, congenital
  • 743.55 Congenital macular changes
  • 362.76 Dystrophies primarily involving the retinal pigment epithelium, Fundus flavimaculatus, Vitelliform dystrophy
  • 362.75 Other dystrophies
  • 743.56 Other retinal changes, congenital
  • 362.74 Pigmentary retinal dystrophy, Retinal dystrophy, albipunctate, Retinitis pigmentosa
For price inquiries please email zebras@genedx.com

**The CPT codes provided are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Please direct any questions regarding coding to the payer being billed.

References

  1. Morimura H (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci 95:3088–3093
  2. Koenekoop (2005) Ophthalmic Genetics 26:175-179
  3. den Hollander AI (2008) Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 27:391-419
  4. Hanein S (2004) Hum Mutat 23:306-317
  5. Booij J (2007) J Med Genet 42:67-75
  6. Stone E (2007) Am J Ophthalmol 144(6):791-811
  7. Koenekoop R (2007) Clin and Experimental Ophthalmology 35:473-485
  8. Browne SJ (2006) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47(1):34-42
  9. den Hollander AI (2006) Am J Hum Genet 79(3):556-61
  10. Ito S (2004) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45(5):1480-5
  11. Sohocki (2000) Mol. Genet. Metab. 70, 142–150
  12. Bernal S (2003) J Med Genet 40:e89
  13. den Hollander (1999) Nat Genet 23:217–221
  14. den Hollander (2004) Hum Mutat 24:355-69
  15. den Hollander (2001) Am J Hum Genet 69:198–203

Forms and Documents

Test Requisition Test Info Sheet

Test Details

  • Confirmation of a clinical diagnosis
  • To differentiate LCA from other forms of retinal dystrophy
  • Recurrence risk assessment
  • Prenatal diagnosis

Ordering

TB25
4 weeks
2-5 mL Blood - Lavender Top Tube
Buccal Swabs

*Reporting times are typical, but could be extended in situations outside GeneDx's reasonable control.

Billing

81479x1
No
Yes
  • 743.53 Chorioretinal degeneration, congenital
  • 743.55 Congenital macular changes
  • 362.76 Dystrophies primarily involving the retinal pigment epithelium, Fundus flavimaculatus, Vitelliform dystrophy
  • 362.75 Other dystrophies
  • 743.56 Other retinal changes, congenital
  • 362.74 Pigmentary retinal dystrophy, Retinal dystrophy, albipunctate, Retinitis pigmentosa
For price inquiries please email zebras@genedx.com

**The CPT codes provided are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Please direct any questions regarding coding to the payer being billed.

References

  1. den Hollander AI (2008) Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 27:391-419
  2. Hanein S (2004) Hum Mutat 23:306-317
  3. Booij J (2007) J Med Genet 42:67-75
  4. Stone E (2007) Am J Ophthalmol 144(6):791-811
  5. Koenekoop R (2007) Clin and Experimental Ophthalmology 35:473-485
  6. Browne SJ (2006) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47(1):34-42
  7. den Hollander AI (2006) Am J Hum Genet 79(3):556-61
  8. Ito S (2004) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45(5):1480-5
  9. Sohocki (2000) Mol. Genet. Metab. 70, 142–150
  10. Bernal S (2003) J Med Genet 40:e89
  11. den Hollander (1999) Nat Genet 23:217–221
  12. den Hollander (2004) Hum Mutat 24:355-69
  13. den Hollander (2001) Am J Hum Genet 69:198–203
  14. Morimura H (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci 95:3088–3093
  15. Koenekoop (2005) Ophthalmic Genetics 26:175-179

Forms and Documents

Test Info Sheet Test Requisition

Test Details

  • Confirmation of a clinical diagnosis
  • To differentiate LCA from other forms of retinal dystrophy
  • Recurrence risk assessment
  • Prenatal diagnosis

Ordering

TA75
4 weeks
2-5 mL Blood - Lavender Top Tube
Buccal Swabs

*Reporting times are typical, but could be extended in situations outside GeneDx's reasonable control.

Billing

81406x1
No
Yes
  • 743.53 Chorioretinal degeneration, congenital
  • 743.55 Congenital macular changes
  • 362.76 Dystrophies primarily involving the retinal pigment epithelium, Fundus flavimaculatus, Vitelliform dystrophy
  • 362.75 Other dystrophies
  • 743.56 Other retinal changes, congenital
  • 362.74 Pigmentary retinal dystrophy, Retinal dystrophy, albipunctate, Retinitis pigmentosa
For price inquiries please email zebras@genedx.com

**The CPT codes provided are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Please direct any questions regarding coding to the payer being billed.

References

  1. Hanein S (2004) Hum Mutat 23:306-317
  2. Booij J (2007) J Med Genet 42:67-75
  3. Stone E (2007) Am J Ophthalmol 144(6):791-811
  4. Koenekoop R (2007) Clin and Experimental Ophthalmology 35:473-485
  5. Browne SJ (2006) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47(1):34-42
  6. den Hollander AI (2006) Am J Hum Genet 79(3):556-61
  7. Ito S (2004) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 45(5):1480-5
  8. Sohocki (2000) Mol. Genet. Metab. 70, 142–150
  9. Bernal S (2003) J Med Genet 40:e89
  10. den Hollander (1999) Nat Genet 23:217–221
  11. den Hollander (2004) Hum Mutat 24:355-69
  12. den Hollander (2001) Am J Hum Genet 69:198–203
  13. den Hollander AI (2008) Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 27:391-419
  14. Morimura H (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci 95:3088–3093
  15. Koenekoop (2005) Ophthalmic Genetics 26:175-179

Forms and Documents

Fact Sheet Guide LOMN Phenotype/Genotype Association List Test Info Sheet Test Requisition Family Member Test Requisition Gene List

Test Details

AAAS, ABCA1, ABCA4, ABCC6, ABCD1, ABHD12, ACBD5, ACO2, ACOX1, ACTB, ACTG1, ACVR1, ACVR2B, ADAM9, ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, ADAMTS18, ADAMTSL4, ADGRV1 (GPR98), ADIPOR1, AGBL1, AGBL5, AGK, AGPS, AHI1, AIPL1, AIRE, AKAP9, ALDH18A1, ALDH1A3, ALDH3A2, ALG2, ALG6, ALMS1, ALX1, AMACR, AMT, ANKLE2, ANKS6, ANTXR1, AP3B1, AP3D1, ARL13B, ARL2BP, ARL3, ARL6, ARNT2, ARSB, ARX, ASB10 (GLC1F), ASPA, ASPH, ASRGL1, ATAD3A, ATF4, ATF6, ATIC, ATM, ATOH7, ATP13A2, ATP1A3, ATXN7, B3GALNT2, B3GALTL, B4GAT1, B9D1, B9D2, BBIP1, BBS1, BBS10, BBS12, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, BBS7, BBS9, BCOR, BCS1L, BEST1, BFSP1, BFSP2, BLOC1S3, BLOC1S6, BMP1, BMP4, BMP7, BRAF, BRIP1, BTD, BUB1B, C10ORF11, C10orf2, C12ORF57, C12ORF65, C1ORF186, C1QTNF5, C21ORF2, C2CD3, C2ORF71, C5orf42, C8ORF37, CA2, CA4, CABP4, CACNA1A, CACNA1F, CACNA1H, CACNA2D4, CANT1, CAPN15, CAPN5, CASK, CAV1, CBS, CC2D2A, CCDC103, CCDC114, CCDC28B, CCDC39, CCDC40, CD320, CD96, CDH23, CDH3, CDHR1, CDKN2A, CDON, CEP164, CEP250, CEP290, CEP41, CEP78, CEP83, CERKL, CFAP57, CHD3, CHD7, CHM, CHMP4B, CHN1, CHRDL1, CHST14, CHST6, CHSY1, CIB2, CISD2, CKAP4, CLCN7, CLDN19, CLN3, CLN5, CLN6, CLN8, CLPB, CLRN1, CLUAP1, CNBP, CNGA1, CNGA3, CNGB1, CNGB3, CNNM4, COL11A1, COL11A2, COL17A1, COL18A1, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL2A1, COL4A1, COL4A3, COL4A4, COL4A5, COL5A1, COL5A2, COL8A2, COL9A1, COL9A2, COL9A3, COLEC11, COX14, COX6B1, COX7B, CP, CPAMD8, CRB1, CREBBP, CRELD1, CRIPT, CRTAP, CRX, CSPP1, CTC1, CTCF, CTDP1, CTNNA1, CTNS, CTSA, CTSD, CTSF, CWC27, CYP1B1, CYP27A1, CYP4V2, DAG1, DBH, DCDC1, DCN, DDB2, DDX11, DDX58, DFNB31, DHCR7, DHDDS, DHODH, DHX38, DIAPH1, DMD, DNAAF1, DNAAF2, DNAAF3, DNAAF5, DNAH10, DNAH11, DNAH5, DNAH9, DNAI1, DNAI2, DNAJC17, DNAJC19, DNAJC5, DNAL1, DNM2, DOCK6, DPAGT1, DPM1, DRAM2, DSE, DTHD1, DTNBP1, DYNC2H1, EBP, EDN3, EDNRA, EFEMP1, EIF4G1, ELOVL4, ELP4, EMC1, EPG5, EPHA2, ERCC1, ERCC2, ERCC3, ERCC4, ERCC5, ERCC6, ERCC8, ESCO2, EVC, EVC2, EXOSC2, EXOSC8, EYA1, EYS, FAM111A, FAM126A, FAM161A, FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCI, FANCL, FANCM, FAR1, FASTKD2, FBLN5, FBN2, FBXL4, FIBP, FKBP14, FKRP, FKTN, FLNB, FLVCR1, FOXC1, FOXC2, FOXD1, FOXE3, FOXF2, FOXH1, FOXL2, FOXRED1, FRAS1, FREM1, FREM2, FRMD7, FSCN2, FTL, FXN, FYCO1, FZD4, GALE, GALK1, GALNS, GALT, GBA, GBA2, GCNT2, GCSH, GDF1, GDF3, GDF6, GFER, GJA1, GJA8, GJB2, GJB6, GJE1, GLB1, GLDC, GLIS2, GLIS3, GM2A, GMPPA, GMPPB, GNAT1, GNAT2, GNB1, GNB3, GNPAT, GNPTG, GNS, GPC3, GPHN, GPR125, GPR143, GPR179, GRIP1, GRK1, GRM6, GRN, GSN, GSS, GTF2H5, GUCA1A, GUCA1B, GUCY2D, GUSB, HADHA, HADHB, HARS, HCCS, HCN1, HDAC6, HESX1, HEXA, HEXB, HGSNAT, HK1, HLCS, HMCN1, HMGB3, HMX1, HNRNPDL, HOXB1, HPS1, HPS3, HPS4, HPS5, HPS6, HSF4, HYLS1, IARS2, IBA57, IDH3B, IDUA, IFIH1, IFT122, IFT140, IFT172, IFT27, IFT43, IFT52, IFT74, IFT80, IFT81, IFT88, IGBP1, IGFBP7, IMPDH1, IMPG1, IMPG2, INPP5E, INVS, IQCB1, IRX1, ISCA2, ISPD, ITM2B, ITPR1, JAG1, JAM3, KAT6B, KCNJ13, KCNJ3, KCNV2, KCTD7, KDM6A, KERA, KIAA0586, KIAA1549, KIDINS220, KIF11, KIF5A, KIF7, KIZ, KLHL7, KMT2D, KRT12, KRT2, KRT3, LAMA1, LAMB1, LAMB2, LARGE1, LCA5, LCT, LEFTY2, LEMD2, LHX2, LIM2, LMX1B, LONP1, LOXHD1, LOXL1, LRAT, LRIT3, LRP2, LRP5, LRPAP1, LRRC6, LSS, LTBP2, LTBP3, LYST, LZTFL1, MAB21L2, MAF, MAK, MAN2B1, MAP3K7, MAPKAPK3, MBD5, MBTPS2, MCEE, MCOLN1, MECR, MED25, MERTK, MFF, MFN2, MFRP, MFSD8, MICALCL, MIP, MIPEP, MKKS, MKS1, MLPH, MMAA, MMAB, MMACHC, MMADHC, MMP1, MMP19, MOCS1, MPDU1, MPLKIP, MRE11, MSMO1, MTTP, MUT, MVK, MYH9, MYO5A, MYO7A, MYOC, NAA10, NBAS, NDP, NDUFA1, NDUFA10, NDUFA11, NDUFA12, NDUFA2, NDUFA9, NDUFAF1, NDUFAF2, NDUFAF3, NDUFAF4, NDUFAF5, NDUFAF6, NDUFB3, NDUFS1, NDUFS2, NDUFS3, NDUFS4, NDUFS6, NDUFS7, NDUFS8, NDUFV1, NDUFV2, NEK1, NEK2, NEK4, NEK8, NEU1, NEUROD1, NF1, NHS, NKX2-5, NLRP1, NME8, NMNAT1, NOD2, NODAL, NOTCH2, NPC1, NPHP1, NPHP3, NPHP4, NR2E3, NR2F1, NRL, NSD1, NT5C2, NTF4, NUB1, NUS1, NXNL1, NYX, OAT, OCA2, OCRL, OFD1, OPA1, OPA3, OPN1LW, OPN1SW, OPTN, OSMR, OSTM1, OTX2, OVOL2, P3H2, P4HA2, PANK2, PAX2, PAX3, PAX6, PCDH15, PCNA, PCYT1A, PDE6A, PDE6B, PDE6C, PDE6D, PDE6G, PDE6H, PDZD7, PET100, PEX1, PEX10, PEX11B, PEX12, PEX13, PEX14, PEX16, PEX19, PEX2, PEX26, PEX3, PEX5, PEX6, PEX7, PFKM, PGK1, PHGDH, PHYH, PIEZO2, PIGL, PIGT, PIGY, PIK3R1, PIKFYVE, PITPNM3, PITX2, PITX3, PLA2G5, PLG, PLK4, PLOD1, PLOD3, PLP1, PMM2, PNPLA6, POC1B, POGZ, POLA1, POMGNT1, POMGNT2, POMK, POMT1, PORCN, PPT1, PQBP1, PRCD, PRDM13, PRDM5, PRIMPOL, PRKACA, PRKCG, PROM1, PRPF3, PRPF31, PRPF4, PRPF6, PRPF8, PRPH2, PRPS1, PRSS56, PTCH1, PTF1A, PTPN11, PVRL3, PXDN, RAB18, RAB27A, RAB28, RAB3GAP1, RAB3GAP2, RAD50, RAI1, RARB, RAX, RAX2, RBP3, RBP4, RCBTB1, RD3, RDH11, RDH12, RDH5, RECQL4, REEP6, RERE, RGR, RGS9, RGS9BP, RHO, RIMS1, RIPK4, RLBP1, ROM1, RP1, RP1L1, RP2, RP9, RPE65, RPGR, RPGRIP1, RPGRIP1L, RPS19, RRM2B, RS1, RSPH4A, RSPH9, RSPO1, SACS, SAG, SALL2, SALL4, SAMD9, SBF2, SC5D, SCARF2, SCN8A, SCO2, SDCCAG8, SDHAF1, SEC23A, SEMA3E, SEMA4A, SERPINH1, SH3PXD2B, SHH, SIL1, SIPA1L3, SIX3, SIX5, SIX6, SLC16A12, SLC24A1, SLC24A5, SLC25A1, SLC25A46, SLC2A1, SLC33A1, SLC38A8, SLC39A5, SLC45A2, SLC4A11, SLC4A4, SLC4A5, SLC4A7, SLC52A2, SLC52A3, SLC7A14, SLITRK6, SLX4, SMCHD1, SMG9, SMOC1, SMPD1, SNAI2, SNRNP200, SNX10, SNX3, SOD1, SON, SOX2, SOX3, SPARC, SPATA7, SPINT2, SPP2, SPTBN2, SRD5A3, SREBF2, ST3GAL5, STIM1, STK38L, STN1, STRA6, STS, STT3B, SUCLA2, SUOX, TACSTD2, TAT, TBC1D20, TBC1D7, TBCE, TBL1XR1, TCF4, TCIRG1, TCOF1, TCTN1, TCTN2, TCTN3, TDRD7, TEAD1, TEK, TENM1, TENM3, TFAP2A, TGFB1, TGFBI, TIMM8A, TIMP3, TINF2, TLR3, TLR4, TMEM107, TMEM114, TMEM126A, TMEM138, TMEM216, TMEM231, TMEM237, TMEM5, TMEM67, TMEM70, TMEM98, TMTC3, TNFSF11, TNPO1, TOPORS, TPP1, TRAF3IP1, TREX1, TRIM32, TRIM37, TRIM44, TRNT1, TRPC1, TRPM1, TRPM2, TSPAN12, TTC21B, TTC8, TTLL5, TTPA, TTR, TUB, TUBA8, TUBB, TUBGCP4, TUBGCP6, TULP1, TYR, TYRP1, UBE3B, UBIAD1, UBR1, UCHL1, UNC119, UNC45B, USH1C, USH1G, USH2A, USP9X, VAX1, VCAN, VIM, VPS13B, VSX1, VSX2, WAC, WASF3, WDPCP, WDR19, WDR34, WDR35, WDR36, WFS1, WRN, XPA, XPC, XPNPEP3, YAP1, YME1L1, ZEB1, ZEB2, ZIC3, ZNF408, ZNF423, ZNF469, ZNF513, ZNF592, ZNF644
  • Molecular confirmation of a clinical diagnosis
  • To assist with decisions about treatment and management of individuals with retinal dystrophies
  • Testing of at-risk relatives for specific known variant(s) previously identified in an affected family member
  • Prenatal diagnosis for known familial pathogenic variant(s) in at-risk pregnancies

Ordering

J905
8 weeks
2-5 mL Blood - Lavender Top Tube
Buccal Swabs

*Reporting times are typical, but could be extended in situations outside GeneDx's reasonable control.

Billing

81434x1
Yes
Yes
For price inquiries please email zebras@genedx.com

**The CPT codes provided are based on AMA guidelines and are for informational purposes only. CPT coding is the sole responsibility of the billing party. Please direct any questions regarding coding to the payer being billed.

References

  1. Sahel et al. (2014) Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 5 (2):a017111 (PMID: 25324231)
  2. Kocur et al. (2002) Br J Ophthalmol 86 (7):716-22 (PMID: 12084735);
  3. Ayuso et al. (2010) Genome Med 2 (5):34 (PMID: 20519033)
  4. Finger et al. (2011) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 52 (7):4381-9 (PMID: 21447690)
  5. den Hollander et al. (2006) American Journal Of Human Genetics 79 (3):556-61 (PMID: 16909394)
  6. Braun et al. (2013) Human Molecular Genetics 22 (25):5136-45 (PMID: 23918662)
  7. Zernant et al. (2014) Hum. Mol. Genet. 23 (25):6797-806 (PMID: 25082829)
  8. Bauwens et al. (2015) Hum. Mutat. 36 (1):39-42 (PMID: 25346251)
  9. Schulz et al. (2017) Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 58 (1):394-403 (PMID: 28118664)
  10. Beryozkin et al. (2015) Sci Rep 5 :13187 (PMID: 26306921)
  11. Lee et al. (2015) Am. J. Ophthalmol. 160 (2):354-363.e9 (PMID: 25910913)
  12. de Castro-Miro et al. (2016) PLoS ONE 11 (12):e0168966 (PMID: 28005958)
  13. Haer-Wigman et al. (2017) Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 25 (5):591-599 (PMID: 28224992)
  14. Riera et al. (2017) Sci Rep 7 :42078 (PMID: 28181551)
  15. Carss et al. (2017) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 100 (1):75-90 (PMID: 28041643)
  16. Retterer et al. (2015) Genet. Med.: (PMID: 26633542)